CNC juya tsarin

Takaitaccen Bayani:

Juyawar CNC wani tsari ne na mashina wanda kayan aikin yankan, galibi bit ɗin kayan aikin da ba na jujjuya ba ne, yana bayyana hanyar kayan aikin helix ta hanyar motsi fiye ko žasa a layi yayin da aikin ke juyawa.

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CNC juyawa gabatarwa

Yawancin lokaci kalmar "juyawa" an tanadar da ita don ƙirƙirar saman waje ta wannan aikin yanke, yayin da wannan muhimmin aikin yanke lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin saman ciki (ramuka, nau'i ɗaya ko wani) ana kiransa "mai ban sha'awa".Don haka jumlar "juyawa da ban sha'awa" ta rarraba babban dangin tsarin da aka sani da lathing.Yanke fuskoki akan kayan aikin, ko tare da juyawa ko kayan aiki mai ban sha'awa, ana kiransa "fuskantar", kuma ana iya murɗa su cikin kowane nau'in azaman juzu'i.

Ana iya yin juyawa da hannu, a cikin nau'in lathe na gargajiya, wanda akai-akai yana buƙatar ci gaba da kulawa daga mai aiki, ko ta amfani da latse mai sarrafa kansa wanda baya.A yau mafi yawan nau'in irin wannan aiki da kai shine sarrafa lambobi na kwamfuta, wanda aka fi sani da CNC.(CNC kuma ana amfani da ita tare da sauran nau'ikan injina da yawa ban da juyawa.)

Lokacin juyawa, kayan aikin (wani yanki na kayan aiki mai ƙarfi kamar itace, ƙarfe, filastik, ko dutse) yana jujjuya shi kuma ana ratsa kayan aikin yanke tare da gatari 1, 2, ko 3 na motsi don samar da daidaitattun diamita da zurfin.Juyawa na iya zama ko dai a waje na silinda ko kuma a ciki (wanda kuma aka sani da ban sha'awa) don samar da sassan tubular zuwa nau'i-nau'i daban-daban.Ko da yake a yanzu ba kasafai ba ne, ana iya amfani da lathes na farko don samar da hadadden adadi na geometric, har ma da daskararrun platonic;ko da yake tun zuwan CNC ya zama sabon abu don amfani da sarrafa hanyoyin da ba na kwamfuta ba don wannan dalili.

Ana aiwatar da tsarin jujjuyawar akan lathe, wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin mafi tsufa na kayan aikin injin, kuma yana iya zama nau'i daban-daban kamar jujjuyawar kai tsaye, jujjuya taper, bayanin martaba ko tsagi na waje.Waɗancan nau'ikan tafiyar matakai na iya samar da nau'ikan kayan aiki daban-daban kamar madaidaiciya, madaidaici, lanƙwasa, ko tsagi.Gabaɗaya, juyawa yana amfani da kayan aikin yankan maki ɗaya masu sauƙi.Kowane rukuni na kayan aiki yana da ingantacciyar saiti na kusurwar kayan aiki waɗanda aka haɓaka ta cikin shekaru.

Ƙarfe na ɓarna daga ayyukan juyawa ana kiran su chips (Arewacin Amurka), ko swarf (Birtaniya).A wasu wuraren ana iya kiran su da juyawa.

Gatura na motsi na kayan aiki na iya zama madaidaiciyar layi a zahiri, ko kuma suna iya kasancewa tare da wasu saitin lanƙwasa ko kusurwoyi, amma ainihin layi ne (a ma'anar da ba ta lissafi ba).

Sashin da ke ƙarƙashin ayyukan juyawa ana iya kiransa da "Kashin Juya" ko "Machined Component".Ana gudanar da ayyukan jujjuyawa akan injin lathe wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi da hannu ko CNC.

Ayyukan Juyawa na CNC don tsarin juyawa sun haɗa da

Juyawa
Tsarin juzu'i na gabaɗaya ya haɗa da jujjuya sashi yayin da kayan aikin yankan madaidaici guda ɗaya ke motsawa daidai da axis na juyawa.Kayan farawa gabaɗaya aikin aiki ne da wasu matakai ke samarwa kamar simintin gyare-gyare, ƙirƙira, extrusion, ko zane.

Juyawa Taper
Juyawa da aka ɗora yana samar da siffa ta silindi wanda a hankali ke raguwa a diamita daga wannan ƙarshen zuwa wancan.Ana iya samun wannan a) daga fasinja na fili b) daga abin da aka makala taper c) ta amfani da abin da aka makala kwafin hydraulic d) ta amfani da lathe CNC e) ta amfani da kayan aikin fom f) ta hanyar kashe kayan wutsiya - wannan hanyar ta fi dacewa da m tapers.

Tsarin halitta
Ƙirƙirar yanayi yana samar da fili mai kamanni ta hanyar juya wani tsari a kusa da kafaffen kusurwar juyin juya hali.Hanyoyin sun haɗa da a) yin amfani da abin da aka makala kwafin hydraulic b) CNC (wanda aka ƙididdige ƙididdige ƙididdiga) lathe c) ta yin amfani da kayan aiki na nau'i (hanya mai mahimmanci da shirye) d) ta amfani da jigin gado (bukatar zane don bayyanawa).

Juyawa mai wuya
Juyawa mai wuya nau'in juyawa ne akan kayan tare da taurin Rockwell C mafi girma fiye da 45. Yawanci ana yin shi bayan aikin aikin yana da zafi.
An yi niyya ne don maye gurbin ko iyakance ayyukan niƙa na gargajiya.Juya wuya, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don dalilai na cire haja zalla, yana gogayya da kyau tare da niƙa.Koyaya, idan aka yi amfani da shi don kammalawa inda tsari da girma ke da mahimmanci, niƙa ya fi kyau.Nika yana samar da daidaiton girman girman girman zagaye da cylindricity.Bugu da kari, gogewar saman da aka goge na Rz=0.3-0.8z ba za a iya cimma shi tare da juyowa mai wahala kadai ba.Juyawa mai wuya ya dace da sassan da ke buƙatar daidaiton zagaye na 0.5-12 micrometers, da/ko rashin ƙarfi na Rz 0.8-7.0 micrometers.Ana amfani dashi don kayan aiki, kayan aikin famfo na allura, da kayan aikin ruwa, a tsakanin sauran aikace-aikace.

Fuskanci
Fuskantar mahallin aikin jujjuyawar ya haɗa da motsi kayan aikin yankan a kusurwoyi madaidaici zuwa madaidaicin jujjuyawar kayan aikin juyawa.Ana iya yin wannan ta hanyar aikin giciye, idan an dace da mutum, kamar yadda ya bambanta da abinci na tsaye (juyawa).Shi ne akai-akai aikin farko da aka yi a cikin samar da kayan aikin, kuma sau da yawa na ƙarshe - don haka kalmar "ƙarewa".

Rabuwa
Ana amfani da wannan tsari, wanda ake kira parting off ko yanke, don ƙirƙirar ramuka mai zurfi wanda zai cire wani abin da aka kammala ko ɓangaren-cikakke daga hannun iyayensa.

Girma
Tsagewa kamar rabuwa ne, sai dai an yanke tsagi zuwa wani zurfin zurfi maimakon yanke wani abin da aka kammala / ɓangaren-cikakke daga hannun jari.Ana iya yin gyare-gyare a saman ciki da na waje, da kuma a fuskar ɓangaren (fuskar fuska ko trepanning).

Ayyukan da ba na musamman sun haɗa da:
M
Ƙara ko smoothing wani data kasance rami halitta ta hakowa, gyare-gyaren da dai sauransu.ie da machining na ciki cylindrical siffofin (samarwa) a) ta hawa workpiece zuwa sandal ta chuck ko faceplate b) ta hawa workpiece uwa giciye slide da ajiye yankan kayan aiki a cikin kunci.Wannan aikin ya dace da simintin gyare-gyaren da ba su da damuwa don hawa a cikin farantin fuska.Akan dogayen lathes na gado za a iya kulle manyan kayan aiki zuwa ga ma'auni akan gadon kuma igiya ta wuce tsakanin luga biyu akan kayan aikin kuma waɗannan luggin na iya zama gundura zuwa girman.Ƙayyadadden aikace-aikace amma wanda yake samuwa ga ƙwararren mai juyawa/mashin.

Yin hakowa
Ana amfani dashi don cire abu daga cikin kayan aiki.Wannan tsari yana amfani da daidaitattun raƙuman ramuka waɗanda ke tsaye a cikin jakar wutsiya ko turret kayan aiki na lathe.Ana iya yin aikin ta hanyar injunan hakowa daban daban.

Knurling
Yanke ƙirar ƙira a saman wani yanki don amfani da shi azaman riƙon hannu ko azaman kayan haɓaka gani ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman na ƙulli.

Reaming
Aikin girman da ke cire ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfe daga rami da aka riga aka haƙa.Ana yin shi don yin ramukan ciki na daidaitattun diamita.Misali, ana yin rami mai tsayi 6mm ta hanyar hakowa tare da ɗigon ɗimbin 5.98 mm sannan a sake daidaita ma'auni daidai.

Zare
Dukansu daidaitattun zaren dunƙulewa da waɗanda ba daidai ba za a iya kunna su akan lathe ta amfani da kayan aikin yankan da ya dace.(Yawanci yana da kusurwar hanci 60, ko 55°) Ko dai a waje, ko a cikin gungume (aikin taɓawa tsari ne na yin zaren ciki ko na waje a cikin yanki na aiki. Gabaɗaya ana magana da shi azaman zaren maki ɗaya.

Taɓan ƙwaya da ramuka a) yin amfani da famfo na hannu da cibiyar kintinkiri b) yin amfani da na'urar bugawa tare da ƙugi mai zamewa don rage haɗarin fashewar famfo.

Ayyukan zaren sun haɗa da a) kowane nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan zaren waje da na ciki ta amfani da kayan aiki guda ɗaya kuma taper zaren, zaren farawa biyu, zaren farawa da yawa, tsutsotsi kamar yadda aka yi amfani da su a cikin akwatunan rage tsutsotsi, masu jagoranci tare da zaren guda ɗaya ko multistart.b) ta hanyar yin amfani da akwatunan zaren da aka haɗa da kayan aikin nau'i 4, har zuwa zaren diamita 2 "amma yana yiwuwa a sami manyan kwalaye fiye da wannan.

Juyawa polygonal
A cikin abin da nau'ikan da ba na madauwari ba ana yin injin ba tare da katse jujjuyawar albarkatun ƙasa ba.