Tsarin simintin gyare-gyare da ƙirƙira

Takaitaccen Bayani:

A cikin aikin ƙarfe, simintin gyare-gyare wani tsari ne wanda ake isar da ƙarfe mai ruwa a cikin tsari (yawanci ta hanyar crucible) wanda ya ƙunshi mummunan ra'ayi (watau hoto mara kyau mai girma uku) na siffar da aka yi niyya.


Cikakken Bayani

Tags samfurin

Gabatarwar simintin gyare-gyare da ƙirƙira sassa

A cikin aikin ƙarfe, simintin gyare-gyare wani tsari ne wanda ake isar da ƙarfe mai ruwa a cikin tsari (yawanci ta hanyar crucible) wanda ya ƙunshi mummunan ra'ayi (watau hoto mara kyau mai girma uku) na siffar da aka yi niyya.Ana zuba karfen a cikin kwandon ta hanyar wani rami mai zurfi da ake kira sprue.Ana sanyaya karfen da gyaggyarawa, sannan a fitar da bangaren karfe (simintin) din.Ana amfani da simintin gyare-gyare mafi yawa don yin hadaddun sifofi waɗanda zai yi wahala ko rashin tattalin arziki yin ta wasu hanyoyin.
An san hanyoyin yin simintin gyare-gyare na dubban shekaru, kuma an yi amfani da su sosai don sassaka (musamman a cikin tagulla), kayan ado a cikin karafa masu daraja, da makamai da kayan aiki.Ana samun simintin gyare-gyaren injiniya sosai a cikin kashi 90 na kayayyaki masu ɗorewa, waɗanda suka haɗa da motoci, manyan motoci, sararin samaniya, jiragen ƙasa, kayan aikin hakar ma'adinai da gine-gine, rijiyoyin mai, na'urori, bututu, masu ruwa da ruwa, injin turbin iska, tsire-tsire na nukiliya, na'urorin kiwon lafiya, samfuran tsaro, kayan wasan yara, da Kara.

Dabarun al'ada sun haɗa da simintin ɓataccen abu (wanda ƙila a ƙara raba zuwa simintin tsakiya, da vacuum taimakon zub da simintin kai tsaye), simintin filasta da simintin yashi.

Tsarin simintin gyare-gyare na zamani ya kasu kashi biyu: simintin da ba za a iya kashewa ba.Ana ƙara rushe shi da kayan ƙirƙira, kamar yashi ko ƙarfe, da hanyar zubowa, kamar nauyi, vacuum, ko ƙananan matsi.

Yin ƙirƙira wani tsari ne na masana'antu wanda ya haɗa da siffata ƙarfe ta hanyar amfani da runduna masu matsa lamba.Ana isar da bugun da guduma (sau da yawa guduma mai ƙarfi) ko mutuwa.Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira sau da yawa ana rarraba ta gwargwadon yanayin zafin da ake yin ta: ƙirƙira sanyi (nau'in aikin sanyi), ƙirƙira mai zafi, ko ƙirƙira mai zafi (nau'in aiki mai zafi).Na biyun na ƙarshe, ƙarfe yana dumama, yawanci a cikin ƙirƙira.Sassan jabu na iya kaiwa nauyi daga ƙasa da kilogiram zuwa ɗaruruwan metric ton. smiths sun yi aikin ƙirƙira na shekaru dubu;kayayyakin gargajiya sun hada da kayan dafa abinci, kayan masarufi, kayan aikin hannu, manyan makamai, kuge, da kayan ado.Tun lokacin juyin juya halin masana'antu, sassa na jabu ana amfani da su sosai a cikin injuna da injuna a duk inda wani sashi ke buƙatar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi;Irin waɗannan jabun yawanci suna buƙatar ƙarin sarrafawa (kamar mashin ɗin) don cimma ɓangaren da ya kusan ƙarewa.A yau, ƙirƙira babbar masana'anta ce ta duniya

Expendable mold simintin gyaran kafa da ƙirƙira sassa

Simintin gyare-gyaren da za a iya kashewa babban rarrabuwa ne wanda ya haɗa da yashi, robobi, harsashi, filasta, da saka hannun jari (dabarun kakin zuma) gyare-gyare.Wannan hanyar simintin gyare-gyare ta ƙunshi yin amfani da gyare-gyare na wucin gadi, waɗanda ba za a sake amfani da su ba.

Casting and forging process001

Daban-daban matakai na simintin gyare-gyare da ƙirƙira

Yashi simintin gyaran kafa
Yashi simintin gyare-gyare na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kuma mafi sauƙi nau'ikan yin simintin, kuma an yi amfani da shi tsawon ƙarni.Yin simintin yashi yana ba da damar ƙananan batches fiye da simintin gyare-gyare na dindindin kuma a farashi mai ma'ana.Ba wai kawai wannan hanyar ta ba wa masana'anta damar ƙirƙirar samfura a cikin farashi mai rahusa ba, amma akwai wasu fa'idodi ga simintin yashi, kamar ayyuka masu ƙanƙanta.Tsarin yana ba da damar yin simintin gyare-gyaren da ya dace a tafin hannun mutum ga waɗanda suka isa isa ga gadajen jirgin ƙasa kawai (simintin simintin gyare-gyare ɗaya na iya ƙirƙirar gadon duka don motar dogo ɗaya).Yin simintin yashi kuma yana ba da damar jefa yawancin karafa dangane da nau'in yashi da ake amfani da su.

Yin simintin yashi yana buƙatar lokacin jagora na kwanaki, ko ma makwanni wani lokaci, don samarwa a ƙimar fitarwa mai yawa (1-20 guda/hr-mold) kuma ba shi da iyaka don samarwa mai girma.Yashi Green (danshi) mai launin baki, kusan bashi da iyakacin nauyi, yayin da busassun yashi yana da iyakacin juzu'i na 2,300-2,700 kg (5,100-6,000 lb).Matsakaicin nauyin sashi daga 0.075-0.1 kg (0.17-0.22 lb).An haɗa yashi ta amfani da yumbu, masu ɗaure sinadarai, ko mai polymerized (kamar man fetur).Ana iya sake yin amfani da yashi sau da yawa a yawancin ayyuka kuma yana buƙatar ɗan kulawa.

Loam gyare-gyare
An yi amfani da gyare-gyaren loam don samar da manyan abubuwa masu ma'ana kamar su igwa da kararrawa coci.Loam shine cakuda yumbu da yashi tare da bambaro ko taki.An kafa samfurin samfurin a cikin wani abu mai laushi (chemise).Ana samar da mold a kusa da wannan chemise ta hanyar rufe shi a cikin loam.Ana toya wannan (kore) sannan a cire chemise din.Sa'an nan kuma a tsaya a tsaye a cikin ramin da ke gaban tanderun don zubar da karfe.Bayan haka an karye samfurin.Don haka ana iya amfani da ƙira sau ɗaya kawai, ta yadda aka fi son wasu hanyoyin don yawancin dalilai.

Filayen filasta
Filastar simintin gyare-gyare yana kama da simintin yashi sai dai ana amfani da filasta na paris maimakon yashi azaman kayan ƙira.Gabaɗaya, fom ɗin yana ɗaukar ƙasa da mako guda don shiryawa, bayan haka ana samun ƙimar samarwa na raka'a 1-10 / hr-mold, tare da abubuwa masu girma kamar 45 kg (99 lb) kuma ƙanana kamar 30 g (1 oz) tare da kyakkyawar gamawa mai kyau da kuma kusanci.[5].Simintin gyare-gyaren filasta hanya ce mai arha ga sauran hanyoyin gyare-gyare don hadaddun sassa saboda ƙarancin farashi na filastar da ikonsa na samar da simintin simintin net kusa.Babban hasara shi ne cewa ana iya amfani da shi tare da ƙarancin narkewar kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba, kamar aluminum, jan karfe, magnesium, da zinc.

Harsashi gyare-gyare
Yin gyare-gyaren harsashi yana kama da simintin yashi, amma kogon gyare-gyare yana samuwa ta hanyar “harsashi” yashi mai tauri maimakon filako mai cike da yashi.Yashin da aka yi amfani da shi ya fi yashin simintin yashin kyau kuma ana gauraye shi da guduro domin a iya dumama shi da tsarin kuma ya taurare a cikin harsashi a kewayen tsarin.Saboda guduro da yashi mai kyau, yana ba da kyakkyawan ƙarewa.Tsarin yana da sauƙin sarrafa kansa kuma ya fi daidai fiye da simintin yashi.Ƙarfe na gama gari waɗanda aka jefa sun haɗa da simintin ƙarfe, aluminium, magnesium, da gami da jan ƙarfe.Wannan tsari ya dace da abubuwa masu rikitarwa waɗanda ƙananan zuwa matsakaici.

Zuba jari
Yin simintin saka hannun jari (wanda aka sani da simintin ƙulle-ƙulle a cikin fasaha) wani tsari ne da aka yi shi tsawon dubban shekaru, tare da bata-kakin kakin zuma kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin dabarun ƙirƙirar ƙarfe.Daga shekaru 5000 da suka gabata, lokacin da ƙudan zuma ya ƙirƙira ƙirar, zuwa kakin zuma mai girma na fasaha na yau, kayan refractory, da gami na ƙwararrun, simintin gyare-gyaren yana tabbatar da samar da ingantattun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da mahimman fa'idodin daidaito, maimaitawa, daidaituwa, da mutunci.
Simintin saka hannun jari ya samo sunansa daga gaskiyar cewa an saka hannun jari, ko kewaye, tare da wani abu mai karewa.Siffofin kakin zuma suna buƙatar kulawa sosai don ba su da ƙarfi don jure wa sojojin da aka ci karo da su yayin yin gyare-gyare.Ɗayan fa'idar simintin saka hannun jari ita ce za a iya sake amfani da kakin zuma.

Tsarin ya dace don sake maimaita abubuwan da aka gyara na sifofin net daga nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙarfe daban-daban da gami da manyan ayyuka.Kodayake gabaɗaya ana amfani da shi don ƙananan simintin gyare-gyare, an yi amfani da wannan tsari don samar da cikakkun firam ɗin ƙofa na jirgin sama, tare da simintin ƙarfe har zuwa kilogiram 300 da simintin aluminum har zuwa 30 kg.Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin yin simintin gyare-gyare kamar simintin gyare-gyaren mutuwa ko yashi, yana iya zama tsari mai tsada.Koyaya, abubuwan da za'a iya samar da su ta amfani da simintin saka hannun jari na iya haɗawa da rikitattun kwalaye, kuma a mafi yawan lokuta abubuwan da aka haɗa ana jefa su kusa da sifar yanar gizo, don haka suna buƙatar kaɗan ko a'a sake yin aiki sau ɗaya.

Fa'idodi da rashin amfani na sassa masu ƙirƙira

Ƙirƙira na iya samar da yanki mai ƙarfi fiye da daidai simintin simintin gyare-gyare ko ɓangaren injina.Kamar yadda ƙarfen ke siffata yayin aikin ƙirƙira, nau'in nau'in hatsin da ke cikinsa yana lalacewa don bin sifar gaba ɗaya na sashin.A sakamakon haka, bambancin rubutun yana ci gaba da kasancewa a ko'ina cikin ɓangaren, yana haifar da wani yanki tare da ingantattun halaye masu ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari, ƙirƙira na iya samun ƙananan farashi fiye da simintin gyare-gyare ko ƙirƙira.Yin la'akari da duk farashin da ake kashewa a cikin rayuwar samfurin daga sayayya don kai lokaci zuwa sake yin aiki, da kuma ƙididdige kuɗaɗen kuɗaɗe, da raguwar lokaci da sauran la'akari masu inganci, fa'idodin ƙirƙira na dogon lokaci na iya fin ɓata kuɗin ɗan gajeren lokaci. cewa simintin gyare-gyare ko ƙirƙira na iya bayarwa.

Wasu karafa na iya zama ƙirƙira sanyi, amma ƙarfe da ƙarfe kusan koyaushe ana ƙirƙira su da zafi.Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira mai zafi yana hana taurin aikin da zai haifar da sanyi, wanda zai ƙara wahalar yin ayyukan injiniyoyi na biyu akan yanki.Hakanan, yayin da ƙarfin aiki na iya zama abin kyawawa a wasu yanayi, wasu hanyoyin taurare yanki, kamar maganin zafi, gabaɗaya sun fi ƙarfin tattalin arziki kuma ana iya sarrafa su.Alloys waɗanda ke da amfani don taurin hazo, irin su mafi yawan allunan aluminum da titanium, na iya zama ƙirƙira mai zafi, sannan taurin.

Ƙirƙirar ƙirƙira ya ƙunshi babban kashe kuɗi don injuna, kayan aiki, wurare da ma'aikata.A cikin yanayin ƙirƙira mai zafi, ana buƙatar tanderu mai zafi (wani lokaci ana kiranta da ƙirƙira) don dumama ingots ko billets.Saboda girman manyan hammata da matsi da kuma sassan da za su iya samarwa, da kuma haɗarin da ke tattare da yin aiki da ƙarfe mai zafi, ana buƙatar wani gini na musamman don ɗaukar aikin.A cikin yanayin faɗuwar ayyukan ƙirƙira, dole ne a yi tanadi don ɗaukar girgiza da girgizar da guduma ta haifar.Yawancin ayyukan ƙirƙira suna amfani da mutuƙar ƙirƙira ƙarfe, wanda dole ne a ƙera shi daidai kuma a bi da shi a hankali zafi don daidaita kayan aikin daidai, da kuma jure babban ƙarfin da abin ya shafa.

Casting parts with CNC machining process

Yin sassa tare da
CNC machining tsari

GGG40 cast iron CNC machining parts

GGG40 simintin ƙarfe
CNC machining sassa

GS52 casting steel machining parts

GS52 simintin ƙarfe
machining sassa

Machining 35CrMo alloy forging parts

Machining 35CrMo
gami ƙirƙira sassa


  • Na baya:
  • Na gaba:

  • Ku rubuta sakonku anan ku aiko mana